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Crop : Sugarcane.

Field : Plant Breeding

Collaborator : B.A.R.C., Trombhy

Title : Mutation Breeding.

Author : R.Narasimhan and G.S.C. Rao.

Year : 1981

After completion of scheme on "Mutation Breeding in Sugarcane" in collaboration with Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Bombay. A new project entitled "Determination of optimum production technology for thick mutants of Co 419" was initiated in April 1981. Under the new scheme, the response of TS-1 to initial plant population density, (space/plant) and   added levels of nitrogen to final stalk population yield and quality are being studies in a factorial model of experiment with three levels of initial plant population (S1-15 cm, S2-30 cm, S3-45 cm)  and four levels of nitrogen (N1-187.5 Kg., N2-250 Kg., N3-312.6 Kg., and N4-375 Kg perha) with three replications. The experiment was started on July 1981 and the following observations have been made so far. Initial plant population produced significant effect on number of shoots per plant, decreasing with increasing population density. The number of shoots per unit land area however increased with increased in the density of initial plant population. Nitrogen except at the highest level tested (375 Kg. N/ha) failed to register any significant influence on shoots/ plant Table 11:1.

 

MUTATION BREEDING

TABLE - 11:1. Space per plant Experiment.

1. Treatments : 12

4. Plot Size : 25 Sqm.

              

2. Replication : 3

5. Design: Randomised Block Design.

          

3. Variety : TS-1

6. Planting Date : 16-7-1981.

              

11:1-1. Mean tiller number per plant in the three genotypes (Pooled over N. treatments).

Sl.No.

Variety

Mean tillers plant-1

            

1

Co 419 (Normal)

2.9314

                 

2

Co 419 (Deteriorated)

3.7275

            

3

TS-1 (Mutant)

1.8652

                 
  

S.E. diff.

0.5921

                 
  

C.D. 0.05

1.2079

                 

11:1-2. Mean number of shoots per plant in the mutant (TS-1) under graded levels of initial plant population and fertilizer Nitrogen.

Initial plant

Mean number of shoots per plant

Mean for

        

population

Levels of fertilizer Nitrogen Kg.ha-1

initial

      

(m-2)

187.5

250.0

312.5

375.0

Population

          

44.44

1.163

1.640

1.797

1.250

1.463

    

11.11

2.267

2.540

2.540

2.873

2.481

      

4.94

2.967

3.820

3.013

2.633

3.108

  
   

Initial plant

Nitrogen

                                
  

population

level.

                    

C.D. 0.05

0.4664

0.6218

                        

C.D. 0.01

0.6281

0.8374

                           

C.R.P. 02. Ratoon Performance of TS-1.

                

During current year ratoon crop performance of TS-1 was studied in comparison with Co 419. Data on plant height, internode number, stalk girth, stalk weight, stalk population and quality during early season were determined and summerised in Table - 11.2.

MUTATION BREEDING

                       

TABLE - 11.2. Comparative Study of Co 419 and TS-1.

          

1. Treatments : 9

  

4. Design : Randomised Block Design

    

2. Replications : 4

                         

3. Plot Size : 25 Sqm.

5. Date of Planting : 25-7-1981.

                 

Mean values of different yield and quality attributed and their critical differences in ratoon crops

of parent variety, Co 419 (Deteriorated local), and mutant, TS-1.
   

Mean values of different attributes

Varieties

Plant

Internode

Stalk

Stalk

Stalk popu-

Pol %

Purity

Fibre

Juice

 

height(m)

number

girth(cm)

weight

lation per

Juice

coefficient

percent

extraction
       

(Kg)

plot (45 m2)

    

cane

% (small
                 

mill)

Co 419

                

(Local )

2.7805*

24.70

2.0629

0.9775

534.5**

15.17

84.08

14.82

52.57

(Parent)

                  

TS-1

2.5003+

21.25**

3.2925**

1.5725**

417.00

14.68

84.38

14.45

59.17**

(Mutant)

                

S.E. Diff.

0.1103

0.0905

0.0792

0.0346

30.6860

-

-

-

1.1184

C.D. 0.05

0.2609

0.2140

0.1873

0.0818

72.5724

NS

NS

NS

2.6450

C.D.0.01

0.3859

0.3167

0.2771

0.1211

107.3703

-

-

-

3.9133
 

NS - Not significant.

              
   

* - Mean difference between varieties significant at 5% level.

      
 

** - Mean difference between varieties significant at 1% level.

        
 

+ - Plants are in short blade stage of flowering.

          

S.Q.C. 01. Sugarcane Quality Control programme was continued during the year 1981-82 season. Monitoring of extraneous matter and physical quality at the cane yard was initiated in December 1981. Hourly analysis of Trash% cane are being done and reported to management for taking up immediate control measures. Table 12 shows physical daily report on trash % cane.

TABLE - 12. Daily Report on Extraneous Matter in Cane.

                  

KIAAR/OPR/QC-82 Date : 26-2-1982.

              

Shift

Gross cane

Clean cane

Extr. Wt.

Extr. %

             
 

Wt.

Wt.

                  

A

100.00

97.250

2.750

2.75

          
 

98.350

95.350

3.000

3.05

          
 

106.150

102.500

3.650

3.44

           
 

115.500

111.500

4.000

3.46

           
 

105.250

101.250

4.000

3.80

              
 

106.150

103.050

3.100

2.92

           
 

101.150

97.400

3.750

3.71

            
 

122.750

120.500

4.250

3.46

          

B

109.050

106.000

3.050

2.79

          
 

107.400

102.350

5.050

4.70

          
 

113.650

109.800

3.850

3.39

          
 

117.500

113.000

4.500

3.82

          
 

103.750

99.550

4.200

4.05

          
 

120.650

114.850

5.800

4.81

          
 

128.600

125.950

2.650

2.06

          
 

118.350

113.600

4.750

4.01

            

C

109.250

106.600

2.650

2.42

          
 

108.650

104.450

4.200

3.86

          
 

114.950

110.950

4.000

3.48

          
 

105.750

100.900

4.850

4.58

          
 

111.850

108.100

3.750

3.35

          
 

100.250

95.600

4.650

4.64

          
 

104.450

100.600

3.850

3.68

          
 

109.100

105.000

4.100

3.67

          

Total

       

85.90

          

Mean

      

3.58

          

o

      

0.7024

          

C.V. %

      

19.62

          

S.E.

      

0.1434

          

 

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