Somaiya

www.somaiya.edu

Karnataka Institute of Applied Agricultural Research

Crop : Sugarcane

Field : Agronomy

Collaborator : Self

Title : Fertiliser trials

Author : A.L. Sarpotdar,R.S. Sachan,R.G.Menon and H.L.Kulkarni

Year : 1975

A field experiment to find out the optimum dose of Nitrogenous fertilizer for sugarcane under local agro-climatic conditions was laid out. Varieties tested Co 6415 and Co 740.

Note: State departmental recommendationiss 275 Kg. N per hect.

Treatment : (i) 0 Kg. per hect.
	(ii) 100 Kg. per hect.
	(iii) 150 Kg. per hect.
	(iv) 200 Kg. per hect.
	(v) 250 Kg. per hect.
	(vi) 300 Kg. per hect.
Replications : 4 Fertilisers were applied in split doses as given below:
	i) 30% Nitrogen at Planting time.
	ii) 40% Nitrogen at 10th week after planting. iii) 30% Nitrogen at 18th week after planting.

	100 Kg. of P_{2 05 and 100 Kg. K2 0 per hect. at planting time.}

Date of planting : 15th January, 1975 size of plot 51 sq.meters with 6 rows each.

Date of harvest : 16th January 1976.

Results:

The experiment was harvested at 12th month, No. of canes per hect. and yield of cane per hect. were recorded, vide Table No. 8. At all levels of Nitrogen variety Co 6415 was found superior to Co 740 in respect of juice quality. The results of juice analysis are presented in Table No. 9.

Table 8. Showing number and yield of cane per hectare at harvest, (Vide Expt. on Fertilizer trials Expt.)

Treatment	Mean millable cane	Mean yield/hr at
	number per hectare	harvest (Tonnes)
Co 740
No.	58529	36.90
N 100	63823	50.03
N 150	62573	57.20
N 200	71323	63.82
N 250	73749	70.14
N 300	69013	65.62
Co 4615
No.	51352	36.94
N 100	56102	49.44
N 150	60072	59.88
N 200	58602	66.21
N 250	64631	71.57
N 300	62131	75.76

Table 9. Showing juice analysis results of canes harvested from Expt. No. 2 on fertilizer trials.

	Juice quality at the age of
	10 months				11 months				12 months
Treatment	Average of 4 replications				Average of 4 replications				Average of 4 replications
	Brix	Pol %	Purity %	N.R.	Brix	Pol %	Purity %	N.R	Brix	Pol %	Purity %
Co 740
N 0	19.87	17.93	90.23	11.14	21.44	19.02	88.71	11.69	22.04	19.77	89.65
N 100	19.98	18.00	90.09	11.02	21.58	19.58	90.73	12.19	22.32	20.45	91.61
N 150	19.69	17.62	89.48	10.89	20.80	18.84	90.57	11.72	21.94	20.05	91.34
N 200	19.63	17.59	89.60	10.88	21.44	18.98	89.78	11.74	21.98	20.05	91.29
N 250	19.87	18.01	90.63	11.20	21.40	19.72	82.14	12.33	22.24	20.57	92.49
N 300	19.67	17.74	90.18	11.00	21.32	19.61	91.97	12.28	22.20	20.49	92.27
Co 4615
N 0	21.07	19.03	90.31	11.81	22.40	20.26	90.44	12.59	23.02	20.93	90.89
N 100	29.95	18.83	89.88	11.64	21.94	19.73	89.92	12.23	22.92	20.90	91.18
N 150	29.36	18.27	89.73	11.55	21.70	19.48	89.76	12.06	22.59	20.54	90.91
N 200	29.69	19.13	92.46	11.56	21.96	19.84	90.34	12.06	22.72	20.87	91.84
N 250	29.45	18.39	89.92	11.39	21.55	19.42	90.11	12.04	22.50	20.63	91.68
N 300	20.08	17.96	89.44	11.09	21.22	19.50	91.89	12.21	22.40	20.56	91.75

Even at 300 Kg. N per hect. no adverse effect on the quality of juice in both the varieties was noticed.

No significant difference in yield between the two varieties was noticed upto 250 Kg. N per hect. At 300 Kg. N per hect. Co 6415 gave 75.76 tonnes of yield per hect. as against 65.62 tonnes per hect. in case of Co 740. (2.1) Field experiment as potash fertilization : In earlier experiments conducted by KIAAR, application of both potash and phosphoric acid had not shown any positive correlation with the yield of cane. Recently Indian Potash Company has claimed that even in areas where no responses were noticed, split application of potash to sugarcane gave good results in terms of yield of cane. To test the validity of the stand a field trial was taken up.

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Treatment :
	(a) N split, P and K basal application.
	(b) N and K split; P basal application.
	(c) N split; No P and K application.
Dosages of fertilizers :
	N 250 Kg per hect. in 4 equal splits (25% each time)
	P2 05, 75 Kg. per hect. basal application.
	K2 0 250 Kg. per hect. as indicated above.
Split applications for potash and nitrogen followed:
	25% of at planting time.
	25% at 8th week after planting.
	25% at 12th week after planting.
	25% at 16th week after planting.
Variety : Co 740.
Replications : 4.
Size of plot : 115.2 sq. meters with 18 rows in each treatment.
Date of planting : 1-12-1975.
Results:
Germination and shoot counts in the plots have been recorded and summarised in Table No. 10.

Table 10. Showing germination percentage and number of shoots per hectare

(Vide Expt. No. 2.1 Field Expt. on Potash fertilization).

Sl. No.	Treatment	Germination percentage at 60 days (mean of 4 replications)	No. of Shoots per hectare at 4 months age (means of 4 replications)
1	(a) N Split P2 05 &
	K2 0 basal.	64.03	203125
2	(b) N & K2 0 Split
	P2 05 basal.	65.00	202539
3	(c) N Split No
	P2 O5 & K2 O	64.31	208105
(2.2) A separate field trial is taken up to test the utility of split application of potash as nutrient.
Date of Planting : 1st week of January 1976.
Variety : Co 62175.
Treatments:
	A. N split; N and K basal application.
	(P @ 75 Kg per hect. and K @ 187.5 Kg per hect.)
	B. N split P and basal application K @ 250 Kg per hect
	P2 O5 @ 75 Kg per hect.
	C. N and K split; P basal application 75 Kg per hect. K - 250 Kg per hect, split in 4 equal parts.
Ssize of Plot : 3 cents with - 18 rows per plot.
Results: Germination and shoot counts are taken. Their summary is presented in Table No. 11.

Table 11. Showing germination percentage and number of shoots per hectare

(Vide Expt. No. 2.2 on Potash fertilization).

		Mean of 4 replications
Sl.No.	Treatment	Germination percentage at 60 days.	No. of shoots per hectare at 4 months age
1	(a) N Split P2 05 &
	K2 0 basal (K2 O
	Dept. recommendation i.e.187.5 kg/ha	60.42	217254
2	(b) Split P2 O5 & K2
	O basal (K2 O @	61.58	199042
	250 Kg/ha).
3	(c) N & K2 O split
	P2 O5 basal (K2 O	60.33	187927
	@ 250 Kg/ha).
Yield at harvest, No. of millable cane per hect. and quality of juice at 9, 10, 11 and 12 month age is to be recorded.

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